Posted in Academic Issues

Trailblazing Arielle Scalioni building a civil engineering career

First-generation student Arielle Scalioni, a civil engineering major, will be receiving her bachelor’s degree from UTC during upcoming commencement ceremonies.

Source: Trailblazing Arielle Scalioni building a civil engineering career

Arielle was one of the smartest and most dedicated students I have ever had.  It’s interesting that the main photo of her was in front the Wind Tunnel, which is part of my Fluid Mechanics Laboratory course.  My prayers are with her as she pursues her career.

Posted in Academic Issues

We’re Where It’s At for Retaining Wall Books

In the April/May 2022 issue of Geostrata, the chief publication of ASCE’s Geo-Institute, there is an article by Anne Lemnitzer and Eric Tavarez entitled “Earth Retaining Structure Design.” Among the results of the survey, an interesting one was the following:

The survey further asked universities what professional references are being introduced to students during their academic training on ERS. Among the available literature, the most heavily used were FHWA’s Geotechnical Engineering Circulars. Among the most selected circulars were:

GEC No. 2–Earth Retaining Systems

GEC No. 3–LRFD Seismic Analysis and Design of Transportation Geotechnical Features and Structural Foundations

GEC No. 4–Ground Anchors and Anchored Systems (also available in print)

GEC No. 7–Soil Nail Walls

GEC No. 11–Design and Construction of Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls and Reinforced Soil Slopes (also available in print)

All but the first are in our collection (the first isn’t on the FHWA’s site either.) I have taking the liberty of noting that two of those are in print.

Even more gratifying is the following:

Several respondents used the open-response field to provide additional references they felt strongly about utilizing in the classroom. These included course materials for FHWA/NHI’s Soil and Foundations and Earth Retaining Structures courses (e.g., FHWA NHI-06-088, FHWA-NHI-132036, NHI-07-071, and the Army Corps of Engineers manuals and courses for the Design of Sheet Pile Walls (EM 1110-2-2504) and Tieback Wall Design and Construction (ERDC/ITL TR-02-011.)

Again most of these documents are on our site or on a companion site, free for download without restriction or login. Pride of place goes to the Soils and Foundations Reference Manual, which has been in print for a good while and which I use in my own Soil Mechanics and Foundation Design and Analysis courses.

A fairly new resource is my page on Vulcan and Sheet Piling, which deals with that subject in detail. And we have many other documents as well…

Since this site started twenty-five years ago this summer, there are many sources of information for this field, but we feel this one is unique.

Note: if you have the documents that are missing links above, and would like to have them on this site, get in touch with me and let's get it done.
Posted in Academic Issues

The Last Supper, the Iranians and the Perfect Dissertation: A Maundy Thursday Reflection

In 2015 the PhD program I was going through nearly collapsed. We lost fifteen faculty members and key staff people in as many months. Needless to say, that produced consternation among the students, most of whom came from outside the United States. They did not understand our system (and honestly until I consulted with some officials of another university I didn’t either) required the University to support the program until the current students had graduated.

The exodus of faculty members created a great deal of empty office space. Like nature, bureaucracies abhor a vacuum, and my program director knew that, if he didn’t fill the office space, he would lose it. Since I was a faculty member (being faculty and student at the same time is as weird as it sounds) I got an office, the best one I ever had at UTC.

My office at UTC, where my Iranian colleagues admired the Last Supper sculpture on the top shelf.

One day one of my Iranian colleagues came to see me. She was going through the program with her husband. The two of them exuded the charm and sophistication that the Iranians are famous for. But she was drawn to the ceramic sculpture based on Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper. It had been given to me when I was working for my church a decade earlier. You can see it in detail at the top of the post.

Not too long after that her husband came to see me. He too was drawn to the sculpture. I was amazed; the Iranians tended to be secular and this couple was from Isfahan, known for its own architecture.

We all eventually graduated and I retained the office for while. Eventually I was evicted; another Iranian colleague allowed me to split an office with him in another building, for which I was grateful because I was given no alternative. By then this person had become a Christian and had been baptized. In spite of the fact that yet another Iranian faculty colleague had assured me that this new building had “bad spirits” in it, we went forward.

But going back, to prepare for our dissertation defense, I attended a seminar where the Assistant Dean of the Graduate School, Dr. Randy Walker, assured us that he reviewed every dissertation and had never found one without a mistake. But our program director sent an email to all of us about my first office visitor:

I want to congratulate ________ for a first !!!!   I received word from Dr. Randy Walker that __________’s dissertation was the first and only dissertation/thesis that he has reviewed that did not require any revisions.

Dr. Walker retired after this.

Results of the shallow water equation, the subject of the perfect dissertation.

A perfect dissertation at the end of the long effort a PhD is not common. But a perfect work is not unique. Maundy Thursday is the day in the Christian calendar when the Last Supper of Jesus Christ and his disciples is commemorated. Shortly after that, he was arrested by the authorities and crucified the following day. But on the following Sunday he rose from the dead.

Perfection was part of his being: “We have, then , in Jesus, the Son of God, a great High Priest who has passed into the highest Heaven; let us, therefore, hold fast to the Faith which we have professed. Our High Priest is not one unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who has in every way been tempted, exactly as we have been, but without sinning.” (Hebrews 4:14-15 TCNT) His action on the cross was likewise complete: “…for then Christ would have had to undergo death many times since the creation of the world. But now, once and for all, at the close of the age, he has appeared, in order to abolish sin by the sacrifice of himself.” (Hebrews 9:26 TCNT)

Perfection and completeness are hard to obtain in this life. But if we make Jesus Christ’s work on the cross our own, we too can have them in this life and the next.

For more information click here

Posted in Academic Issues, Geotechnical Engineering, STADYN

Presentation of “Estimating Load-Deflection Characteristics for the Shaft Resistance of Piles Using Hyperbolic Strain Softening”

Last year we posted the paper Estimating Load-Deflection Characteristics for the Shaft Resistance of Piles Using Hyperbolic Strain Softening. Today it’s presented at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga’s Research Dialogues, and a slide show of the presentation is below.

Posted in Academic Issues, Geotechnical Engineering

The Invertibility of the p-q Diagram System

We know that we can transform the traditional Mohr-Coulomb \sigma-\tau system to the p-q system by using the equations

p=1/2\,\sigma_{{1}}+1/2\,\sigma_{{3}}

and

q=1/2\,\sigma_{{1}}-1/2\,\sigma_{{3}}

Stated formally, this means that, for every set of principal stresses, there is a unique pair of p and q values.

But did you know you can go the other way, if you need to? Let’s start by putting these equations into matrix format, which yields

\left[\begin{array}{cc} 1/2 & 1/2\\ {\medskip}1/2 & -1/2 \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c} \sigma_{{1}}\\ {\medskip}\sigma_{{3}} \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c} p\\ {\medskip}q \end{array}\right]

Inverting the matrix and premultiplying the right hand side yields

\left[\begin{array}{c} \sigma_{{1}}\\ {\medskip}\sigma_{{3}} \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{cc} 1 & 1\\ {\medskip}1 & -1 \end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{c} p\\ {\medskip}q \end{array}\right]

The inversion is the key step. The fact that the matrix is invertible, square and of the same rank as the vectors means that the transformation is linear, one-to-one and onto. We can also say that, for every set of p and q values, there is a unique set of principal stresses.

Those principal stresses are

\left[\begin{array}{c} \sigma_{{1}}\\ {\medskip}\sigma_{{3}} \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c} p+q\\ {\medskip}p-q \end{array}\right]

As an example, consider the first set of p and q values computed in my original post on the subject. Substituting those into the last equation yields

\left[\begin{array}{c} \sigma_{{1}}\\ {\medskip}\sigma_{{3}} \end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{c} 200\\ {\medskip}70 \end{array}\right]

which of course are the original values given.